ABSTRACT
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal microvascular disease associated with diabetes which is the primary cause of impaired vision in working age population. Inflammatory reaction and inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β play an important role in the occurrence and development of DR, and to target at which anti-inflammatory treatments such as glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were used, but with disputes on therapeutic effect and drug selection. This review aims to clarify the research on mechanism of inflammatory reaction in DR, summarize the application status of existing anti-inflammatory therapy, and provide some new ideas for the research and clinical application of the treatment of DR.
ABSTRACT
@#Dry eye is a complex disease caused by multiple factors which pathogenesis is complex and diverse. At present, the tear film instability, the increase of tear osmotic pressure, ocular surface inflammation and neurological abnormalities are recognized as the pathogenesis of dry eye. Particularly, inflammation has been confirmed as the key mechanism for the pathogenesis of the dry eye. In this case, this study focuses on discussing the role of critical factors and cell mediators related to dry eye and the anti-inflammatory treatments for it to understand the inflammatory cascade of the dry eye more comprehensively.
ABSTRACT
Pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 has seriously threatened human life and health worldwide and caused a large number of deaths. Viral infection and acute inflammation are important causes of death, so it is particularly important to combine antiviral therapy with anti-inflammatory therapy. Glycyrrhizic acid, the main component of the glycyrrhizic root extract, has a wide range of pharmacological effects as well as high efficiency and low toxicity, its preparation has been widely used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis and other diseases. Glycyrrhizic acid can regulate the expression and release of a variety of cytokines and play a significant anti-inflammatory effect. At the same time, glycyrrhizic acid also showed significant inhibition towards a variety types of viruses. Therefore, the potential application of glycyrrhizic acid as COVID-19 treatment should be explored.
ABSTRACT
Metabolic inflammation is a chronic,low-grade inflammatory stage which is elicited by overloading of nutrition and engry.Metabolic inflammatory syndrome (MIS) is a series of metabolic diseases,in which macrophages play an important role,including obesity,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and atherosclerosis.This review explored the role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of MIS and related anti-inflammatory treatment.